PHOSPHATE AND PHOSPHONATE

Phosphate and phosphonates are interesting substances from a water treatment point of view. Phosphate discharged into surface waters can stimulate plant growth, resulting in a
eutrophication of rivers and lakes. An efficient removal of phosphate during wastewater treatment is therefore an important factor in preserving the water quality of eutrophic lakes. Phosphonates are complexing agents containing one or more C–PO(OH)2 groups (Nowack, 2003). Phosphonates have
three main properties: they are effective chelating agents for two- and tri-valent metal ions (Lacour et al., 1998), they inhibit crystal growth and scale formation and they are quite stable under harsh chemical conditions. Important industrial uses of phosphonates are in cooling waters, desalination systems and in oil fields to inhibit scale formation. In pulp and paper manufacturing and in textile ndustry they are used as peroxide bleach stabilizers, acting as chelating agents for metals that could inactivate the peroxide. In detergents they are used as a combination of chelating agent, scale inhibitor and bleach stabilizer.


Drewphos 3000 – ready-to-feed, high purity phosphate solution used in new boiler designs

WAP PHOSPHATE ~ DR COLOR METER 490 

1. Start program 490 P React. PP., 2. Prepare 2,5 ml of water sample, 3. Add treated water to sample up to 25 ml, 4. Stir a minute to make sure that it’s really mixing, 5. Fill a sample cell with 10 ml of sample, 6. Add the contents of one PhosVer 3 Phosphate Reagent Powder Pillow to the cell. 7. Immediately close the sample cell. Shake vigorously for 30 seconds. 8. Start the instrument timer. To prevent low results leave the sample on a flat surface. 9. Fill a blank second sample cell with 10 ml of sample. 10.When the timer expires, clean the blank. 11.Insert the blank into the cell holder. 12.Push ZERO. The display shows 0.00 mg/L PO43–. 13.Clean the prepared sample. 14.Insert the prepared sample into the cell holder. 15.Push read. 16.Result show in mg/L NO2- times by 10. Note: Base to range 0.02 to 2.50 mg/L PO43 of HACH Colorimeter DR 900, needed ten times mixing between water sample and treated water. 

Konteudu seluk tan bele klik ne'e: pajina Kualidade be' Betano Dadulas

 Reff:
http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bernd_Nowack/publication/7105879_Competitive_adsorption_of_phosphate_and_phosphonates_onto_goethite/links/54c75f380cf289f0cecd0759.pdf